The Resource Library

The PBS Closed-System Sampling Conical supports aseptic, representative sample collection from PBS Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactors while maintaining process integrity and sample quality. The single-use assembly combines a gamma-irradiated vented conical, integrated dip tube, and weldable tubing to reduce contamination risk, handling steps, and operator variability. Compatible with stem cells, immune cells, organoids, and aggregate cultures, it supports routine in-process analyses including cell counts, viability testing, metabolite monitoring, and aggregate characterization.

This publication investigates hydrodynamic scale-up of human pluripotent stem cell aggregate cultures in 100 mL and 500 mL Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactors. Three-dimensional flow simulations and aggregate trajectory analysis were used to evaluate shear stress and energy dissipation rate exposure across multiple agitation conditions. Exposure profiles were compared with aggregation efficiency, cell growth, aggregate size, and fold expansion during six-day cultures. Energy dissipation rate exposure correlated with aggregate formation and expansion performance, while shear stress was not a…

This publication investigates scalable extracellular vesicle production from three-dimensional aggregates of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactors. Studies evaluated the effects of media and agitation on metabolism, EV biogenesis, yield, and molecular cargo. Dynamic aggregate culture increased EV biogenesis pathway expression and vesicle production relative to static culture. Resulting EVs displayed expected markers and microRNA profiles associated with regenerative and immunomodulatory functions and modulated inflammatory responses in…

This application note describes an hMSC manufacturing workflow using RoosterBio cell products, xeno-free media, and PBS Biotech Vertical-Wheel bioreactors. Studies evaluated microcarrier culture, fed-batch operation, harvest, scale-up, and cell quality. The low-shear, uniformly mixed environment supported robust attachment and cell densities up to 500,000 cells/mL within five days. Fed-batch processing improved media productivity by eliminating routine media exchanges and reducing labor. Comparable growth and metabolite control were maintained across development, pilot, and production…

This publication describes an automated Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactor platform for closed-system T-cell and CAR-T cell manufacturing. The system integrates in-line pH and dissolved oxygen sensors, real-time imaging, automated sampling, hollow-fiber perfusion, and data-driven process control. Studies evaluated agitation, feeding, activation, and cytokine supplementation to identify process parameters affecting expansion, viability, and memory phenotypes. Symbolic regression linked metabolites and cytokines to culture outcomes and identified predictors of stem cell memory and central memory…

This publication describes scalable generation of multilineage liver organoids from human pluripotent stem cells in a PBS-Mini Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactor. Studies evaluated how Activin A concentration directs endoderm and mesenchymal lineage development. High concentrations promoted homogeneous definitive endoderm induction and hepatic maturation markers, while lower concentrations generated early liver diverticula-like structures with lumens, hepatic mesenchyme, endothelial markers, and extracellular matrix organization. Transcriptomic, immunohistochemical, and developmental analyses…

This publication describes scalable human pluripotent stem cell expansion and growth factor-directed cardiomyocyte differentiation in Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactors. Studies evaluated inoculation, agitation, medium exchange, aggregate size, metabolism, viability, and pluripotency before optimizing differentiation with BMP4, Activin A, and bFGF. The process produced more than one million cardiac troponin T-positive cells/mL and was reproduced at 500 mL, averaging 1.11 million cardiomyocytes/mL and 93% cardiac purity. Cells displayed expected electrophysiological and contractile properties and…

This publication spotlight summarizes an independent study of human induced pluripotent stem cell expansion and differentiation into stem cell-derived islets using Vertical-Wheel® Bioreactors. A 27-day, six-stage suspension process was performed in 0.1 L and 0.5 L vessels. A fivefold increase in vessel scale generated a reported twelvefold increase in islet-equivalent yield while maintaining controlled islet size and limiting large aggregate formation. The resulting islets expressed human islet hormones and markers associated with beta-like cell identity, glucose responsiveness, and…

This publication combines oxygen-transfer rate measurements through surface aeration for Vertical-Wheel bioreactors with specific oxygen-uptake measurements from human induced pluripotent stem cell aggregate cultures. Oxygen mass-transfer coefficients (kLa) were measured under different agitation rates, working volumes and headspace gas-flow conditions in 3, 15 and 80 L systems. The specific oxygen-uptake rate of iPSC aggregates was measured in a 0.1 L bioreactor using a custom dissolved oxygen probe configuration. These datasets were combined to estimate the theoretical maximum cell…